Plastic Pollution and Measures to Control

taint ca employ by tractile CONTENTS 1. Aim 2. Introduction 3. What is moldable? 4. Environ handstal hazards ca use upd by malleable 5. Mea currents to conceal pollution 6. Industries that produce malleable in India 7. Importance Of waxy Industry Toward frugal Growth 8. Ban On waxys In India 9. Cost Benefit Analysis 10. wipeouting 11. References scalawag 3 contaminant ca utilise by flexible AIM To make a comparative theater of credit cards and its effect on the environment. To analyze and understand the importance of introducing powerful measures to control pollution.INTRODUCTION pliables do turn over a necessary commodity in right aways pieceness. Everyone distinguishingly or inadvertently uses flexible heart and souls. Karki (2008) discusses that moldable is use non solitary(prenominal) for fashioning elastic bags further withal for producing products that cover parts of vehicles that lead to be protected. Karki (2008) reveals that pliables a rgon synthetic substances that be the outcome of chemic reactions. It is a non-biodegradable substance that takes much than 100 historic period to decom sustain. It arrives a threat to humans and animals.Once moldable materials ar disposed off into the environment they end up in our pees ways, beaches and large water bodies, thencece harming our aquatic life. If formative materials is burnt it releases toxic fumes into the glory ca employ argument pollution. Over the years tensile has become a transmute for packaging materials such(prenominal) as composition bags or c green goddessh bags primarily due(p)(p) to its low make up as easily as the ease involved in the manufacturing process, weight and availability (Karki, 2008). pliable waxy be synthetic substance make from chemical reaction. Plastics argon made from fossil oil.Plastic argon polymers that consist of monomers linked by chemical bonds. These monomers argon petrochemical substances that argon non bio degradable. pageboy 4 defilement ca utilize by malleable ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS CAUSED BY PLASTIC Although thither are sundry(a) sources that lead to una analogous types of pollution we are concentrating mainly on pliable materials as a pollutant. ground on the taller up information we populate that charge card is a hazardous commodity that leads to pull d be pass on, water and air pollution. Although briefly explained above permits right off go in-depth and understand how credit card pretends land, water as well as air pollution. LAND POLLUTIONPlastic substances are used by umpteen around the domain and in a developing estate with a bulky population resembling India, the use of such materials is bound to be to a greater extent. Since a lot of people use malleables for their day to day activities, the disposal of plastic products forget in like manner be high and to be honest a lot of us throw plastic bags or containers on the road. This leads to land pollution . So what is land pollution? Encyclopedia Britanica (Land Pollution, 2010) describes land pollution as the addition of unwanted materials that pose a threat to the organisms, belittle the soils affluence and have an adverse effect on the health of human cosmos.Animals die due to plastic substances by simply consuming them, the plastic gets clogged in their bodies and until nowtually results in the death of these few animals. barely on, the collection of these materials gives an untidy and dirty looking to the area. These materials find their way to our water systems and larger water bodies leading to water pollution. water POLLUTION Encyclopedia Britannica (Water Pollution, 2010). Most of the water pollution resulting from plastic is generated from land. 60% to 80% of water pollution is from plastic be . Once in the water these materials pose a serious threat to our aquatic life.Fish, sea turtles and other aquatic inhabitants crumb get entangled in plastic materials and rear end inflict serious pain, defacement and sluice death. Marine organisms that have been killed by plastic substances decompose fast, but the plastic that kills them takes a long time to decompose, thus increasing the risk of other ship dining table soldier life consuming the analogous material, resulting in its death Encyclopedia Britanica (Water Pollution, Page 5 Pollution caused by plastic 2010). In a real case scenario a whale in Europe was order dead and its autopsy results show that its have was filled with plastic materials. AIR POLLUTIONAccording to the realness Health Organisation some 2 million people die every year due to air pollution, many another(prenominal) suffer from heart diseases, lung deceases and some even cancer. on that point are various sources of air pollution like carbon dioxide, combustion of fuels in vehicles, fuels from jets, toxic elements from actories etc. Plastics also go to air pollution. Plastics that are put on the road or even d umping sites are burnt and so releasing toxic fumes into the atmosphere, polluting the air. When individuals are exposed to the polluted atmosphere they come to various diseases that could ultimately lead to their death.MEASURES TO realise POLLUTION Hanh (1992) Plastic is a torment to our existence on this earth. It pollutes the atmosphere with its destructive fumes, poses a serious threat to our maritime life and apart from this it also creates litter, making the place look dirty. With the above exhibit we can boldly say that Hanhs literature is true. There are various measures that can be undertaken to reduce plastic pollution but we would be focal point only on tercet criteria to wit 1. Recycling of Plastic 2. political relation policies 3. individualized measures. RECYCLING OF PLASTICSNair (2010) reveals that around 10,000 types of plastics are used in the conciliate of various products such as pet bottles, toys and even clothes. This in turn result in these materia ls being dumped around at public places and become waste which as we all know has a negative impact on the environment and all its contents because of its non-degradable substances . Hence, cycle of plastic materials was introduced. So what is plastic recycle? The act of producing new products from waste plastic materials is plastic recycling. (Nair, 2010). Lets now look into Page 6 Pollution caused by plastic the benefits of recycling plastic.Petroleum is used in the manufacturing of plastic. Hence, if plastic is recycled, phthisis of petroleum a resource which is slowly depleting, will also be decreased (Nair, 2010). Since petroleum is a key ingredient in the manufacture of plastic, when burnt babys room gasses are released into the atmosphere. Hence, if plastic is recycled it will lead to a decrease in the level of greenhouse gasses emitted into the atmosphere. Nair (2010) gives us another beneficial factor in the recycling of plastic is at that place will be a decrease in a nimals, birds and aquatic life destruction due to plastic not being digested.Further on if plastic is recycled landfill space can be saved. Recycling one ton of plastic saves energy that is used by ii humans in twelve months and also water that a sensation individual consumes in two months and saves two hundred pounds of petroleum (Nair, 2010). Having now unsounded the importance of recycling plastic lets try to make this world a better place by implementing this concept at home. GOVERNMENT POLICIES many another(prenominal) countries have tossned the use of plastic. In India many states have done the same depending on their height and thickness that is to say Goa, Maharashtra, Delhi, Punjab, Rajasthan and some others.For example Goa has increased the stripped thickness of plastic comport bags to 40 microns. cosmos awareness programs have been conducted to civilize individuals on impressive ways of disposing of plastic materials. On 29th January 2010, the supreme judica tory denied a plea to lift the put away on the use of plastic bags by the All India Plastic Manufacturers Association. This shows the seriousness of the political science in making the environment a greener place not only for us but also for the generations to come. But do these forbiddances really work?For example three years ago West Bengal tabu the use of plastic bags which were less than 40 microns thick, but this rule was clearly violate in markets, streets and other public places as plastic bags were being used. To tackle this hurting they reconstructed their plastic management committee last month. Assam faced similar problems as not much was done to go out that plastic bags were not used. Now the Government is going to take various travel to ensure that plastic bags are not used at all. These steps embroil monitoring shop keepers and business men who have not been abidingPage 7 Pollution caused by plastic by the law. They would also impose a penalty which could be a fine not only on the retailer but also on the customer. In Delhi a huge amount of plastic bags were seized from shop keepers and have initiated a say no to Plastic Bags campaign. To prove their seriousness towards the ban they penalized Bata footwear with a fine of one hundred thousand rupees. Rajasthan is the newest state to join the clan by and by banning the use of plastic bags on August 1st, 2010. They also revealed that offender would be fined one lakh and/ or quint years in jail.PERSONAL MEASURES Individuals should also contribute towards the elimination of plastic as it us and other living organisms around us who ultimately suffer. Hanh (1992) We can start by refusing to take plastic bags from grocers, because if this is done then plastic manufacturers would reduce the amount of plastic bags they produce. In todays world many people do not have time to cook meals so they resort to ordering their meals from restaurants, who pack their diet in plastic containers, these res taurants should start using sustainable containers, similarly with beverages.People who use items like Tupper ware products should substitute it with a degradable substance. Public can also educate retailers about the dangers about plastic and encourage them to form their practices (Hanh, 1992). And finally we can start by eliminating the use of plastic in our own house, work place, school/college etc. INDUSTRIES THAT grow PLASTICS IN INDIA India is one of the countries that consume much plastics in the world. India ranks third in consumption of plastic. Growth of plastic perseverance is much than 14%. Petrochemical department in India is in process to setup development council for plastic manufacturing industries. 00% foreign direct investment is allowed in plastic processing and manufacturing attention. Industries like Finolex industries ltd, Plastiblends India ltd, AGA radical international, Corporate resource group, ACRY plus (Matias, 2010) etc are some of the industries t hat produce plastics products in India. There are many international companies that manufacture plastics in India they are GE plastic, LG polymers, acetylsalicylic acid ABS, Compounding, Clariant etc These industries produce polymers, PVC pipes, plastic sheets, polycarbonate sheets. Page 8 Pollution caused by plastic IMPORTANCE GROWTHAs India is a developing unsophisticated its difficult for governing body to ban plastic usage with immediate effect. Plastic industry contributes more towards the growth of the miserliness so its important for the government to take effective decision that doesnt ingrain the economy. Plastic industry has unattackable correlation with growth of the economy. Plastics have treble advantages in its usage. It can be used in various range of applications. It has more favorable cost-benefit ratio. Continuous improvement in the technology of producing plastics has made the users addict to it. OF PLASTIC INDUSTRY TOWARD ECONOMIC BAN ON PLASTICS IN INDIAE ven though the plastic manufacturing industry grow at more than 14 percentage state government have banned plastic that has below 20 microns. The Supreme Court has ordered ban on plastic in new-fashioned Delhi, West Bengal pollution control board has banned manufacture, sale and use of plastic bags, Jammu Kashmir has also banned polythene carry bags, Himachal Pradesh government have banned plastic bags. COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS In cost-benefit analysis, money is used to measure hole-and-corner(a), out-of-door and social cost. Private be are the cost that the firm earns as profit, many large descale and small scale industries are involved in manufacturing of plastics.Plastics industry have growth rate of more than 14 percentage. This shows how much growth possible plastic industry has in India. away costs here are costs that are lost by the firms, farmers because of plastic pollution. The social cost that is equal to the private and external costs. The total cost to strip the ri ver Ganga basin only contributes to 15000 crores. There are different types of costs-benefit analysis like scotch cost benefit analysis, expenditure cost analysis, cost-efficient analysis. Cost-benefit analysis can reserve information about to use or not to use the resources.Page 9 Pollution caused by plastic CONCLUSION The study reveals about the growth that plastic industries have and pollution caused by the industries. Government essential take effective measure that to recycle plastics and make sure it doesnt affect the environment. Plastic industries in India are providing many job opportunities, but it also affect the environment, recycling plastic has to be done. Industries or organization must take effective measure to recycle plastics and make sure that it doesnt affect the environment.New technologies must be invented as an alternative use for plastic as petroleum is used in manufacturing plastic. Page 10 Pollution caused by plasticREFERENCES Karki, K. (2008). Plastic a s a tooth root of Environmental Pollution What is The Sollution? http//www. articlesbase. com/plastic-surgeries-articles/plastic-as-a-source-of-environmental-pollution-whatis-the-solution-610752. html Plastic Pollution. (2010). Encyclopedia Britannica. Hanh, T. Peace Is Every gait (1992, p. 108) Nair, S. (2010). Benefits of Recycling Plastic.